Source Of Carbon Dioxide Emissions Research Articles

Investigating Concrete Properties with Partial Replacement of Cement by Alccofine and Eggshell Powder

In this study, we investigate the effect of substituting cement with Alccofine and eggshell powder on the strength properties of concrete. Cement production is a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions, prompting the search for sustainable alternatives. Our research aims to address this environmental concern by evaluating the potential of Alccofine and eggshell powder as partial cement replacements while maintaining or enhancing concrete quality. We prepared various concrete mixtures with a constant 10% substitution of Alccofine, combined with different proportions of eggshell powder replacing cement (ranging from 0% to 20%). Through thorough testing including compressive, split tensile and flexural strength assessments, we analyzed the mechanical performance of these mixtures. Our findings demonstrate that Alccofine and eggshell powder can effectively substitute cement in concrete, providing a more environmentally friendly option that improves material strength. However, further research is needed to optimize the mix proportions and assess long-term durability in diverse environmental conditions. Notably, combining eggshell powder with Alccofine presents a promising approach to enhancing concrete performance while reducing the environmental impact of cement production. This study contributes to advancing sustainable practices in concrete construction, promoting the use of eco-friendly building materials. Key Words: Alccofine, eggshell powder, compressive, split tensile and flexural strength.

Optimized flare gas recovery technology with consideration of life cycle assessment, reliability analyses, and uncertainity of parameters

One of the most important sources of carbon dioxide emissions is gas flaring from oil wells. In addition to having an adverse effect on the environment, burning gases with a high energy value causes significant economic losses. The present work evaluated the best allocation for flare gas recovery technologies between eleven technologies considering life cycle assessment, reliability, and uncertainty analysis of some economic parameters in Iran's oil field. By choosing three objective functions, i.e., the carbon dioxide emission reduction, return payback period, and global warming by life cycle assessment analysis, the best combination of system was selected from eleven technologies using the genetic (NSGAII) algorithm and decision-making technique (TOPSIS) simultaneously. It was shown that the technology's reliability affects the best solution. Correspondingly, the integration of an enhanced oil recovery plant and a natural gas liquid at the capital investment of 120 M$ and a benefit of 263 M$ annually, with a repayment period of nine months, CO2 reduction of 1314,579 tons per year, and global warming effect of 699,820 tone CO2 equivalent was introduced as the best technology.

IDENTIFYING THE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF FORMWORK MATERIAL DELIVERY IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS

Sustainable construction is a way of implementing sustainable development of the construction industry and infrastructure through building a better quality of life, and minimizing the use of resources and energy in order to actualize The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The use of construction materials is one source of carbon dioxide emissions and material delivery is one of the stages in the construction material supply chain that has the potential to cause CO2 emissions, one of which is the use of formwork. Global warming is closely related to carbon footprint. The research was done by surveying the building construction project followed by data processing which aims to find out how much carbon emissions are generated by construction projects in the contracting process, delivery, formwork fabrication process, and the use of tower cranes and find out what factors contribute to the carbon footprint and what processes are most significant in producing carbon footprints. The results show that carbon emissions for 28 floors amounted to 84,815.1037 kg.CO2 and by doing 2 scenarios in which scenario 1 maximizes the carrying capacity of each delivery truck during the delivery process and delivery for all the needs of 1 tower is carried out during the GF floor and first floor work, the resulting carbon emission efficiency is 2289.0626 kg. CO2 and in scenario 2 where the delivery of multiplexes for the needs of only 1 floor, which makes delivery carried out for each floor and makes the delivery distance half the actual distance, the resulting carbon emission efficiency is 4628.7909 kg.CO2.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness of CSR Programs on Community Behavior Change in Forest Conservation

Global warming can cause climate change and have a broad impact on people's lives. The increase in global temperature is caused by increased carbon emissions due to deforestation in various countries. Forests play a very important role in solving the carbon emissions problem. One source of carbon dioxide emissions throughout the world is the existence of Tropical Forests. One of the countries that has the largest tropical forest in the world is Indonesia. Kalimantan Island is one of the largest islands and has the largest forest area in Indonesia. This research was conducted at PT. Asmin Bara Bronang who runs the company's CSR program. The variables are the implementation of CSR programs, the targets of the CSR programs implemented and their impact on changes in community behavior in forest conservation. This research also discusses the relationship between implementing CSR programs with ISO 26000 and the Sustainable Development Goals. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Data collection was carried out through interviews with 43 sources consisting of PT Asmin Bara Bronang employees and community recipients of the CSR program. The collected data was then analyzed using the content analysis method. Research shows PT. Asmin Bara Bronang carries out a CSR program contributes to changes in the behavior of the Dayak Ngaju community in efforts to preserve Kalimantan's forests. It is hoped that this research can complement the literature regarding the implementation of CSR programs in supporting forest conservation programs

Penentuan Beban Emisi Karbon Dioksida PLTU Batubara Pulau Jawa dari Hasil Pengukuran CEMS

Climate change is a real phenomenon that occurs and is felt by all living things that live on earth. The increase in earth's surface temperature is one of the impacts of climate change that continues to occur and has the potential to threaten the sustainability of human life. Carbon dioxide is the main greenhouse gas that exacerbates this condition. One of the largest sources of carbon dioxide emissions comes from the energy sector, namely coal-fired power plants (CFPP). Java Island has CFPP’s with the largest total installed capacity in Indonesia, even the capacity will continue to be added by 8,5 GW or 39,4% until 2030. In its operation, the CFPPs have an air emission measuring device before being discharged into the atmosphere which works continuously called the Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS). To be able to take appropriate climate change mitigation and adaptation steps, CO2 emission load data that has high accuracy and is analyzed directly is needed. The CO2 emission load generated from 20 CFPP units as the object of research is 88,56 million tons of CO2/year. The greater the generating capacity, the greater the CO2 emissions produced. The higher the quality of coal used, the lower the CO2 emissions tend to be. To support global efforts to combat climate change, mitigation actions are needed to reduce CO2 emissions into the atmosphere.

СУЧАСНІ ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ЯК ІНСТРУМЕНТ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЕКОЛОГІЧНОЇ МОДЕРНІЗАЦІЇ ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЦЕМЕНТУ

The current state of science and progress does not yet allow for a radical reduction in environmental damage from cement production, as the technological process involves the release of large amounts of carbon dioxide during clinker baking, and the generation of significant amounts of dust due to the need to grind raw materials and clinker itself. By its very nature, cement production is one of the most resource- and energy-intensive industries. The article highlights the current level of environmental impact caused by cement production and outlines the prospects for limiting the negative impact in the future. Priority tasks for the industry should include rationalization of resource use, optimization of technological processes related to clinker firing, and the search for modern energy sources that can be integrated into the production system. In addition to measures related to changes in the production process, cement itself needs to be transformed. The key goal of cement improvement is to achieve a reduction in the average clinker share and product composition.Taking into account the main sources of carbon dioxide emissions, the ways of greening the cement production process are proposed, taking into account the best international practices. The proposed ways to increase the efficiency of environmental modernization of cement production by business entities include the following: reducing energy consumption, replacing traditional fuels with alternative ones, reducing the level of clinker factor in cement, and using carbon capture technology. The experience of implementing the described technologies at industrial enterprises of Ukraine is presented. The article emphasizes that the most important thing in conducting an EIA is the complexity and rationality of the chosen approaches, since the transformation of cement production takes place in different planes: technological, legal, and managerial. That is, the optimization of production technology should be accompanied by the establishment of an effective production control system, development of an effective management approach for the implementation and introduction of an innovation management system.

The politics of red meat consumption and climate change

Red meat production is one of the leading sources of carbon dioxide emission thus reducing meat production and consumption is crucial. Using a sample of American adults (n = 456), the link between right-wing sociopolitical ideologies and (i) attitudes towards red meat; (ii) willingness to reduce red meat consumption; (iii) willingness to pay more for red meat; (iv) belief about the impact of red meat consumption on the environment; and (v) and distrust (versus trust) of authorities was examined. Right-wing ideologies (i.e. right-wing-authoritarianism and social dominance orientation) were associated with more positive attitudes towards red meat, unwillingness to consume less red meat or pay more for red meat, disbelief that red meat negatively impacts the environment, and greater distrust of information from authorities that propose a link between red meat production and negative environmental impact. However, results varied by political ideology dimension. Findings suggest that attempts to alter peoples’ red meat consumption—as part of a strategy for tackling climate change—must incorporate a nuanced understanding of the impact of sociopolitical ideologies on attitudes towards red meat consumption and the need to raise awareness about its impact on the environment.

Role of green innovation and green finance on green recovery: Analysis of natural resources rents

This study examines the relationship between globalization, eco-financing, sustainable expansion, and CO2 emissions in China's economy between 2012 and 2022. The research demonstrates cointegration between variables using complicated estimating methods. Due to the asymmetrical data distribution, the innovative moment quantile regression approach is necessary. According to the results, regional emissions are negatively affected by globalisation, yet there is a favorable association between economic development and CO2 emissions. Also, up to a certain point, the analysis shows that green finance development and economic growth have a positive correlation with CO2 emissions. However, beyond that point, both elements work together to significantly lower emissions. Bootstrap quantile estimation verifies the models' reliability. According to this study, minerals, natural gas, and other natural resources are major sources of carbon dioxide emissions in the area.The current research presents the policy implications of increasing investments in environmentally beneficial finance in light of concrete empirical evidence.

An Analysis of the Requirement for Energy Management Systems in India for Electric Vehicles

Conventional fuels used in combustion engines are the main sources of carbon dioxide emissions, which affect the environment. If energy is available from renewable sources compared to conventional sources, electric vehicles (EVs) offer efficient and cost-effective solutions to the above issue. However, EVs employ batteries for energy storage, which presents a number of issues. For example, overheating produced by chemical reactions during the charging and discharging process in high temperatures can result in the battery's fatal destruction. Hence, an effective energy management system (EMS) is in need of the technology required for the accomplishment of EVs in the long term. Monitoring and optimizing electricity use is the aim of energy management, which aims to cut costs and emissions without interfering with operations. When lifetime CO2 emissions are taken into consideration, EVs will be far more environmentally friendly than regular fuel vehicles because of the incorporation of sustainable power. Distributed solar energy will help reduce the distribution and transmission losses, which will further lower the lifetime CO2 emissions and operating costs of EVs and hasten their commercial viability. This paper presents a review of energy management challenges and their necessity. EV energy management is very important as it helps to minimize EV charging costs.

How Does the Time-Varying Network Structure Evolve between the EU Carbon Futures Prices and Industrial and Energy-Related Indices? A Study Based on a Time-Varying T-Copula

Industrial and energy-related industries are major sources of carbon dioxide emissions, and their interdependence, as reflected in the financial field, has attracted the attention of scholars. For the purpose of exploring the evolutionary characteristics of the short-term dynamic correlation coefficient between the EU carbon futures price and the industrial and energy-related indices, this paper selected the settlement price of EU carbon emission quota futures, the MSCI energy I index on three dimensions, and the Dow Jones industrial index and West Texas crude oil futures price, as sample data. Using the time-varying t-copula model to measure the dynamic correlation coefficient between variables, the time-sliding window idea and coarse-grained method were combined to establish the correlation fluctuation mode, and a complex network theory and analysis methods were used to study the evolutionary traits of the time-varying network structure between the EU carbon price and the industrial and energy-related index. The results show that the transmission objects of the key correlation fluctuation modes in the network are stable and maintain their own state with a high probability. Second, the clustering effect exists in the transmission process. Some nodes with high mediating abilities are also the key correlation wave modes in the dynamic correlation evolution network. This study provides ideas for the study of the correlations between multiple variables and is also a useful reference for international investors.

The conversion of carbon dioxide to methanol simulated by aspen plus

The industrial anthropogenic emissions of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) have surged over the past century. The unconscious emission of carbon dioxide into the environment leads to the greenhouse effect and causes global warming. The cement industry is regarded as one of the major sources of carbon dioxide emissions recently, numerous companies decide to construct relevant installations for mitigating the severe pollution caused by CO2. HeidelbergCement, a multinational building materials company, is also conscious of the issue and concentrates on the capture, usage, and storage of CO2 (CCUS). Apart from the direct use, the captured CO2 has the possibility to become a promising business. In the paper, one of the technologies that convert CO2 into methanol by hydrogenation is presented and simulated with the program named Aspen Plus. The improvements based on the purer output and energy saving on the initial simulation were accomplished. After purifying the solution, there is a rise in the concentration of CH3OH from 96.0%wt to 99.97%wt, which is an exceptionally high level that could be employed for spectroscopic or semiconductor applications. This paper may offer some references for the future studies of CCUS.

Assessment of Carbon Footprint Negative Effects for Nature in International Traveling

Human travels are considered the biggest source of carbon dioxide emissions, and climate change is considered the most important part of this problem. On the other hand, the tourism sector is one of the sectors that facilitates intense human mobility and travel. The aim of this research is to estimate the carbon footprint of aircraft and road transportation due to international and domestic touristic trips to Marrakech/Morocco between 2010 and 2018. In this research, the preferred means of transportation and the distances traveled by the tourists who visited Marrakech/Morocco between 2010 and 2018 were used as a data set. Carbon footprint calculations were made according to each transportation vehicle preference. The total carbon footprint was calculated at the same time. In general, the average 9-year carbon footprint of touristic trips to Morocco from different parts of the world has been found to be 7148.90 tons in total. The per capita carbon footprint of all visitors from different countries of the world has been determined as 0.416 kg. However, tourism, due to its transport intensity, particularly air transport, is a growing source of greenhouse gas emissions. It should be taken into account in the definition of climate policies following the Paris Agreement.

An inter-provincial carbon quota study in China based on the contribution of clean energy to carbon reduction

Energy consumption is the main source of carbon dioxide emissions. Vigorously promoting the development and utilisation of clean energy and the reasonable distribution of carbon amounts between regions is an important measure for carbon emission reduction. In this paper, the geodetector method is used to quantitatively analyse the impact of the development and utilisation of clean energy on China’s overall carbon emissions. And the carbon quota calculated under the three principles of efficiency, responsibility, and comprehensiveness are compared, and a reasonable inter-provincial carbon quota allocation scheme considering the contribution of clean energy carbon reduction is put forward. Research indicates: (1) Among the driving factors studied in this paper, the proportion of clean energy power generation has the greatest impact on carbon emissions. (2) The development and utilisation of clean energy has a strong impact on the carbon quota in low-value regions. (3) The comprehensive principle carbon quota allocation (which takes into responsibility principle reflecting clean energy factors and efficiency principle) is the most reasonable. A carbon quota scheme that reflects the contribution of clean energy to carbon emission reduction is of great significance for advancing the realization of China's regional and national carbon peaking targets.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESSOF CORRELATION-REGRESSION AND NEURAL NETWORK MODELING IN PREDICTING ENERGY EMISSIONSOF CARBON DIOXIDE IN RUSSIA

Effective national cap-and-trade system involves accurate projections of greenhouse gas emissions for the national economy as a whole and by industry. The main source of carbon dioxide emissions in most countries of the world (including Russia) is the energy sector with 9traditional fuels (coal, gas and oil). The objective of the paper is to forecast energy emissionsof carbon dioxide in the Russian Federation by applying adequate economic and mathematical modelling methods. To achieve it, two hypotheses are consistently put forward and tested: the possibility of building a medium-term forecast of the indicator as a result of correlation and regression analysis and the one based on the formation of a Bayesian ensemble of artificial neural networks. Both hypotheses are confirmed in the empirical study. However, the second method provides a higher degree of accuracy in approximating statistical data. Therefore, within the framework of this article, the formation of medium-term forecasts of energy carbondioxide emissions in Russia is made with the help of neural network modeling. Highly accurate forecasting provides a scientific basis for effective policymakers' decisions in decarbonisation of the national economy.

Concrete manufacturing with a low CO2 footprint

The object of the research is the current state of the climate action strategy for cement and concrete production, including possible levers for reducing CO2 emissions. It has been determined that the main source of carbon dioxide emissions per tonne of Portland cement, and subsequently per cubic metre of concrete, is the decarbonization of calcium carbonate, the main raw material component of Portland cement clinker. It also involves the combustion of fossil fuels, which are necessary for the decarbonization and firing of raw materials. Therefore, Portland cement with a reduced content of Portland cement clinker is considered as a solution for concrete manufacturing with a low CO2 footprint. Additionally, the potential of Ukraine in the development of a sustainable Portland cement clinker production approach based on using alternative fuels and alternative raw materials, which will positively affect the total amount of CO2 per ton of clinker, was evaluated. Improved quality performance of cement has been identified as a key direction in product portfolio management to promote cements with a lower clinker factor by increasing the content of active mineral additives. It is shown that the production of concrete with increased strength and durability requirements based on cements saturated with active mineral additives is an important task. Since active mineral additives have different origins, not all of them available for use in cement production exhibit hydraulic properties inherent in Portland cement clinker. Was investigated that «Complex Performance Testing System» (CPTS) as the main test method for evaluating the quality parameters of Portland cement with a reduced clinker factor in accordance with specific applications. This customer-oriented approach opens up the possibility of producing low-CO2 concrete. It has been shown that using the CPTS method, a reduction in the total amount of cement per cubic meter of concrete can be achieved, given the specified parameters of the concrete mix, which has a direct impact on the total amount of CO2/m3.

Evaluation and Promotion Mechanism of Urban Energy Internet Development under Double Carbon Target

Under the "double carbon" strategy, as the main source of carbon dioxide emissions, the energy industry is the main force in carbon reduction, and cities which are the main energy consumers are the main battleground. Thoroughly implementing the new development concept, building a clean, low-carbon, safe and reliable, intelligent and open energy network, and building a modern intelligent energy system are the key to realizing the low-carbon transformation of the national energy industry. This paper analyzes the requirements of energy Internet development and the shortcomings of energy Internet development based on the necessity of energy Internet development in China, constructs a development evaluation index system, and proposes the development mechanism and policy recommendations of urban energy Internet under the background of "double carbon".

Evaluating the Climate Change Mitigation Potential of Sustainable Urban Transport Measures in India

Urban transportation is viewed as the second leading source of carbon dioxide emissions. The growing number of vehicles and road infrastructure-based supply in Indian cities is viewed as the essential driver of climate change and relevant consequences affecting the sustainability of cities. In this study, sustainable transport measures were analyzed to understand the emission mitigation potential of the Bengaluru Metropolitan Region’s transport sector in Karnataka, India. Relevant policies were identified under the planning, regulatory, economic, and technological instruments and grouped under four policy bundles. The mitigation potential of the policy bundles was quantitatively evaluated in terms of vehicle kilometers traveled (VKT), exhaust emissions, and greenhouse gas emissions. The study also estimated the carbon emission intensity and consumer surplus for different mode users across all policy bundles. The findings from this showed that Policy bundle 4, a comprehensive mix of various policies, demonstrated a critical decrease in VKT and emissions compared with the other policy bundles and, thus, provided good scientific decision support for transport policymakers.

Current Implementation and Development Countermeasures of Green Energy in China’s Highway Transportation

The transportation industry is one of the largest consumers of fossil fuels and sources of carbon dioxide emission, with highway transportation accounting for more than 70% of the total. In order to promote efficient, clean, diversified, and intelligent use of energy, this study proposes an innovative application technology model for integrating highway transportation and energy to improve the utilization of clean energy and reduce the proportion of fossil energy and carbon emissions in highway transportation. This study addresses the current problems of green energy development in China’s highways, and combines green low-carbon development policies in international transportation with inspirations based on experience. Based on the principles of safety, efficiency, environmental friendliness, wisdom, and economy, this study systematically analyzes the current situation of green energy application in China’s highway transportation. It proposes one core objective, two major roles, and five major security systems of development measures for green energy application China’s highway transportation with the aim of promoting the transformation and upgrade of China’s highway transportation industry. This study can also help to achieve green and low-carbon development of highway transportation and provides a decision-making reference for the ecological civilization construction goals of the industry.

Measurement and Driving Factors of Carbon Emissions from Coal Consumption in China Based on the Kaya-LMDI Model

As the top emitter of carbon dioxide worldwide, China faces a considerable challenge in reducing carbon emissions to combat global warming. Carbon emissions from coal consumption is the primary source of carbon dioxide emissions in China. The decomposition of the driving factors and the quantification of regions and industries needs further research. Thus, this paper decomposed five driving factors affecting carbon emissions from coal consumption in China, namely, carbon emission intensity, energy structure, energy intensity, economic output, and population scale, by constructing a Kaya-Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (Kaya-LMDI) decomposition model with data on coal consumption in China from 1997 to 2019. It was revealed that the economic output and energy intensity effects are major drivers and inhibitors of carbon emissions from coal consumption in China, respectively. The contribution and impact of these driving factors on carbon emissions from coal consumption were analyzed for different regions and industrial sectors. The results showed that carbon emissions from coal consumption increased by 3211.92 million tons from 1997 to 2019. From a regional perspective, Hebei Province has the most significant impact on carbon emissions from coal consumption due to the effect of economic output. Additionally, the industrial sector had the most pronounced influence on carbon emissions from coal consumption due to the economic output effect. Finally, a series of measures to reduce carbon emissions including controlling the total coal consumption, improving the utilization rate of clean energy, and optimizing the energy structure is proposed based on China’s actual development.

Vulnerability of larch forests to forest fires along a latitudinal gradient in eastern Siberia

The predicted increase in frequency and intensity of boreal forest fires is considered a significant source of carbon dioxide emissions and linked with the degradation of permafrost covering more than half of Russia. Here we analyzed the stand structure and growth of East Siberian larch forests in response to fire severity. We measured 23 sites in the southern part of eastern Siberia along a latitudinal transect with a length of more than 1500 km. Live tree volume differed significantly across geographical regions ( p < 0.05), decreasing from south to north (76–250 m3·ha−1), with higher values in forests burnt with low severity. Similarly, volume of coarse woody debris decreased from south to north. The volume of dead standing trees, on the other hand, increased from south to north. The distribution of trees by diameter class in some areas showed clear evidence of fires, with small trees being absent to rare in forests burnt at high severity. The impact of severe fires on stand volume was negligible at the southern sites, potentially associated with rapid regeneration of birch. Birch is an important component of larch forests near the southern boundary of the permafrost, which may contribute to larch forests in the southern part of the study transect being less vulnerable to wildfires compared to northern larch forests.